Outline:

Range
Border
Zero axes
Key
Tics
  Major tics
  Minor tics
  Nomirror and second tics
  Other options for tics
Grid
Want only the plot?
Title, key title, and lable
  Title
  Key title
  Label
  Arrow
Resolution
3D Plot general
Scaling
  Size ratio
  Tics level
  Log scale
Parameterizing
  Parametric
  Polar

Parameterizing

Parametric

For the parametric plots, use "set parametric." Then, you will have a message, "dummy variable is t for curves, u/v for surfaces." Namely, you are allowed to use "t" for 2D parametric plots, and "u" and "v" for 3D parametric plots.

Let's plot a curve with x = t and y = t2.
gnuplot> set parametric
gnuplot> plot t, t**2
gnuplot hirophysics
For an example of parametric surface, let's plot x=cos(u)cos(v); y=sin(u)cos(v); and z=sin(v).
gnuplot> set parametric
gnuplot> splot cos(u)*cos(v),sin(u)*cos(v),sin(v)
gnuplot hirophysics
This must be a sphere according to the above equations, but it looks like an ellipsoid. Use "set view equal xyz" and other commands to have a beautiful sphere as follows:
gnuplot hirophysics
For parametric plots, you can change the ranges by "set trange", "set urange", and "set vrange."

Polar

It is similar to the parametric option. The dummy parameter, t, represents the angle in radians. The 3D plot is not available for this option. Let's plot the following example:
gnuplot> set polar
gnuplot> plot t
gnuplot hirophysics
Another example is called Butterfly, which is expressed by exp(cos(t))-2cos(4t)+sin5(t/12).
gnuplot> set polar
gnuplot> plot exp(cos(t))-2*cos(4*t)+(sin(t/12))**5
gnuplot hirophysics
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